![]() Using this assumption, one can reconstruct the Higgs boson mass, which helps identify the signal. This assumption is based on the fact that as the tau lepton's mass is much smaller than the mass of the Higgs boson, it is produced in a highly relativistic manner, and hence the decay products of the tau lepton have the same direction as that of the tau lepton. The neutrinos are assumed to be produced along the direction of the tau lepton for the signal. However, using the laws of conservation of momentum, one can infer their presence. The CMS experiment cannot detect the neutrinos produced from the decay of the tau lepton. Using this deep learning technology has helped in increasing the signal-to-background ratio. A deep learning technique is used to identify the tau lepton that decays into hadrons and reduce its probability of getting misidentified. As the tau lepton's lifetime is tiny, it decays inside the detector into either charged and neutral hadrons (mainly pions and kaons) or lighter leptons along with neutrinos. In particular, the search looks for the Higgs boson decaying into a muon and a tau lepton or an electron and a tau lepton. The CMS collaboration has performed a search for lepton-flavor violating decays of the Higgs boson using the data collected in proton-proton collisions from 2016 to 2018. Hence, it is essential to probe for lepton-flavor violation in the Higgs boson decays. Some theories allow for lepton-flavor violating decays of the Higgs boson, and observing such decays will be a clear sign of new physics. Hence, the decays associated with a Higgs boson are an exciting territory to explore. The Higgs boson properties are not yet fully untangled and can interact with undiscovered physics particles coming from, for example, dark matter. The CMS and ATLAS experiments have discovered a new particle in 2012, hypothesized to provide mass to all fundamental particles, called the Higgs boson. The search for these processes hasn't shown any deviation from the standard model, and no charged lepton-flavor violation has been observed to date. Experiments like MEG and BABAR have undertaken the search for lepton-flavor violation, investigating if a muon can decay into an electron and photon or a tau can decay into a lighter lepton and photon. Neutrino oscillations have driven considerable motivation to probe for non-conservation of the lepton flavor for charged leptons, also called lepton-flavor violation. This suggests that lepton flavor is not conserved in the neutral sector. ![]() The Super-Kamiokande and Sudbury collaborations finally resolved this discrepancy in 2002, and the explanation was attributed to the oscillation of neutrinos of one flavor to another flavor. In the mid-1960s, observations showed a large discrepancy from the flux of solar neutrinos as predicted from the Sun's luminosity. This difference is one of the important open puzzles in particle physics. The standard model does not conserve quark flavor and does not explain why this is so different for leptons. In other words, any interaction that occurs in the standard model preserves the flavor of leptons that are involved in the exchange. In the standard model, lepton flavor is always conserved. These charged leptons correspondingly have their neutral counterpart - electron neutrino, muon neutrino, and tau neutrino. The term is adapted for the lepton sector to describe the three types of charged leptons - electron, muon, and tau. The term 'flavor' was introduced by Murray Gell-Mann and his student Harald Fritzsch to describe the different types of quarks known at the time – up, down, and strange – the list of quark flavors grew to six.
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